Anabolic role of Glycolysis

Anabolic role of Glycolysis

Glycolysis  is a catabolic process, because in this process breakdown of glucose(6-C)  into two pyruvic acids(each of 3-C)  and release of energy takes place.  But there are some intermediates that take part in the process of Anabolism.

First we should know the difference between Anabolism and catabolism:

Catabolism	Anabolism
1.       In catabolism the breakdown of complex molecules into simple molecules takes place. 2.       In catabolism the Bonds breakage takes place. 3.       In catabolism the Energy is released due to bond breakage.	1.       In Anabolism the formation of complex molecules by the combination of simple molecules takes place. 2.       The Bonds are formed in Anabolism. 3.       The Energy is consumed in anabolism for bond formation.

How Glycolysis also perform Anabolic role?

 Some intermediates are formed  during the pocess of Glycolysis. Which later combine with other molecules and establish or cause the formation of complex molecules. So, formation of the intermediates which later form other complex molecules shows the  anabolic role of glycolysis.

The intermediats formed during the process of glycolysis are:

1.    Pentose phosphates 

                     Pentose phosphates are the combinations of Pentose sugar and Phosphate group. Pentose phosphates need only one more unit to form a Nucleotide. This unit is known as Nitrogenous base. Nitrogenous base may be Adinine (A), Guanine (G). Cytosine (C), Thymine (T) or Uracil (U).

                                        

                                                                              

We all know that Nucleotides combine to form  a molecule of RNA or DNA. So there is the formation of bonds and complex molecules.  Isn’t it lead us to think about  Anabolism ?   

2.    Amino Sugars

                Amino sugars are the derivatives of amine containing sugar or Sugars contain an amino group in place of hydroxal  group.

Two types of amino sugars are formed , One Glucosamine which take part in Synthesis Glycolipids, and Sialic acid which is related with Glycoprotein.

  

3.    Glycerol-3-phosphate

                      Glycerol 3 phosphate is another intermediate, which later give rise to Lipids. It is a component of glycerophospholipids.

4.      2,3 Bisphospho glycerate

                      2,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid (2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate or 2,3-BPG, also known as 2,3-diphosphoglycerate or 2,3-DPG) is a three-carbon isomer of the glycolytic intermediate 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid (1,3-BPG). 2,3-BPG is present in human red blood cells (RBC; erythrocyte) at approximately 5 m mol/L.

5.      Amino Acids

           The synthesis of amino acids also takes place which are:

                                                 i.            Serine ( Amino acid with polar uncharged R-group)

                                               ii.            Aromatic amino acids ( Having Benzene ring such as Trp, Tyr and Phen.)

                                              iii.            Aspartate (give rise to pyrimidines (C, T and U)

                                             iv.            Asparagine

                                               v.            Alanine.  (2^nd simplest amino acid)